National Skills Academy for Rail (NSAR) chief executive Neil Robertson is passionate about increasing apprenticeship numbers – and the role NSAR will play in supporting employers to overcome the barriers they face with apprenticeship provision. He explains more about what is being done:
“We are short of people. Wage inflation is costing the industry a fortune. So just at a time when we should be further increasing the number of apprenticeships and the training we do, we’ve plateaued.”
That is Neil Robertson’s answer when asked about the biggest problem in rail. He leads NSAR, a not-for-profit membership organisation established in 2010 to provide expert skills and workforce consultancy services to businesses in the rail, transport and infrastructure sectors.
“A lot of people have done some good things to get us to get us to where we are now – 2,500 apprentices per year, approximately – but that’s only about half of what we need. The NSAR Board has directed us to roll up our sleeves and provide active support to businesses, especially small businesses, to increase the utilisation of apprenticeships.”
Neil explains that a barrier discouraging businesses from taking on apprentices is that many are unsure where to start with apprenticeship delivery and there is a first-mover disadvantage leading to a market failure in training and apprenticeships – employers don’t train as they fear, with some justification, that staff will be poached by the competition.
“These barriers mean that businesses would “rather just go to the market,” he said. “But the wider market has shrunk, not least because of Brexit but also because of lots of demand elsewhere. It’s good that the industry is busy, that there’s lots of investment, but there are not enough people to service that demand.
“Another part of the problem is training. Training is a numbers game and typically you would want to have 12-16 candidates for an apprenticeship group or class,” he said. “The medium and smaller companies won’t have enough apprentices for that. So, we need to create viable cohorts for the training providers by working together.
“Put all that together and you have companies who support training, believe in training but, for a combination of reasons, they don’t do it. And so, they interact with a tight market and wage inflation increases.”
Following consultation with the industry, NSAR’s board has set a new top priority – converting latent demand for apprentices into actual demand. As part of its new strategic direction, NSAR is introducing a service called Skills Match.
Skills Match aims to remove barriers to apprentice recruitment by helping employers identify their apprenticeship needs, create cohorts of individuals and match them with the right training and education providers. This includes support with apprentice procurement when needed.
“NSAR’s mandate and expertise put it in a unique position to act successfully as a broker between businesses, training providers and potential recruits,” said Neil. “This is what NSAR was designed to do. NSAR was set up to work with government and industry to fix skills gaps and shortages, market flaws.
“NSAR designs apprenticeships, quality assures the training market and holds the data. And there’s no conflict of interest because we don’t provide training.”
On explaining why the focus is on apprentices to fill the skills gap Neil said that apart from it being policy, it is also something the industry has used for a long time and is familiar with.
“We also have an older, experienced workforce who are committed to sharing their knowledge and apprenticeships are structurally designed to take more experienced people’s knowledge and skills and pass them on,” he said. “And they’re practical, they work well for some of the very practical roles that we have.”
One thing Neil is keen to point out is that apprentices don’t have to be young people or recruits to the rail industry – existing staff or recruits from other sectors are also great candidates for upskilling through apprenticeships.
“Apprenticeships provide a talent pipeline into rail – and they also play a vital role in increasing the social value created by the industry,” he said. “Apprenticeships are a valuable means of bringing diverse talent into businesses that is reflective of the communities rail serves. The effect will be that employers will have a better story for their clients, they will be able to refresh their workforce and give local people a chance.”
Procurement in transport infrastructure is increasingly measuring companies’ performance in relation to apprenticeships and wider social value. It is something that is measured at both the bidding and delivery stages. The clients expect the supply chain to be utilising apprenticeships – so hiring apprentices can provide a competitive advantage.
Better utilising apprenticeships to create a new talent pipeline and improve skills gaps and shortages will reduce wage inflation in the industry.
“The relentless bidding war for talent is costing us – in some cases – 10 per cent per annum in wage inflation, which is hugely damaging the profitability and credibility of the industry,” said Neil. “Training new people, with the right skills at the right time, will help create the job market competition needed to ease wage inflation. And NSAR’s strategic workforce planning expertise can advise employers and the industry on what the ‘right skills at the right time’ are.”
Benefits aside, Neil is straightforward about the necessity of businesses increasing their apprenticeship uptake. “Great British Railways is making this a priority and we will all be asked to do this,” he said. “We are preparing the industry for a strategic and business question that they are already facing and will only get stronger.
“NSAR has worked with the industry to grow the number of apprenticeships to get to the level of 2,500, which is a significant growth, but not enough to create the talent pipeline we need.
“Our aspiration is to help rail employers set up and deliver great apprenticeships. Addressing skills shortages and training the next generation of rail workers will be a collective effort – NSAR is focused on the role we can play.”
Visit https://www.nsar.co.uk/services/skills-match/ for more details.